Advanced Placement
Modern European History
Instructor: Linda S. Mines
THE GREAT WAR (1914-1918)
Matching Activity:
a. Allies (Triple Entente)
b. Central Powers (Triple Alliance)
c. Battle of the Marne
d. Battles of Tannenberg and Masurian Lakes
e. Battle of Ypres
f. Gallipoli Campaign
g. Battle of Jutland
h. Battle of Verdun
i. Battle of the Somme
j. Battle of Caporetto
k. Great Spring Offensive
l. American Meuse-Argonne Offensive
m. Schlieffen Plan
n. Two-Front Plan
_____1. In two years of fighting, the Italian Army had only advanced
10 miles. During this battle, the
German-Austrian offensive gained back the 10 miles during the first day of
fighting. The Italian Army was
completed routed and in three weeks of retreat, it disintegrated, losing 750,000
men - - almost half through desertion. Celebrated
in Ernest Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms.
_____2. One of the first battles of WWI, the Germany army had reached
a point some 25 miles from Paris where they settled down to vicious trench
warfare along a front from the coastal ports of the north to Switzerland - - a
front that did not move in either direction more than 10 miles during the next
three years. During the first four
months of trench warfare, there were over 1,600,000 casualties.
_____3. The longest and bloodiest battle of the war where the French
cry of “They shall not pass!” motivated the French and English forces to
hold the Germans. The Allied forces
here were commanded by General Petain of France.
Almost l million men died here.
_____4. This battle saw the German introduction of poison gas - - total number of casualties from gas on both sides during the entire war would reach l million, with 79,000 killed.
_____6. An American army of 1.2 million men under the command of
General John J. (Black Jack) Pershing pursued the Germans until the German
armistice.
_____7. The British lost 60,000 men during the first day of this
battle - - the highest rate of casualties for both WWI and WWII.
This battle was also distinguished by the appearance of British tanks.
It resulted in a maximum advance of the line of 7 miles with losses of
400,000 British, 200,000 French and almost 500,000 Germans.
_____8. The only major naval battle of the war; the outnumbered
German navy inflicted heavier losses on the British fleet, but after the battle
remained bottled up in port for the duration of the war.
_____9. First Lord of the British Admiralty, Winston Churchill,
planned to seize the Dardanelles strait and knock Turkey out of the war.
It was a British disaster with the loss of 50,000 troops - - mostly ANZAC
(Australian and New Zealand forces).
____10. Great Britain, France, Belgium, Russia, Serbia, Montenegro,
Greece and a score of others.
____11. Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Bulgaria.
____12. Strategy of the Germans - - concentrate German strength on
the right wing of the army facing France, push through Belgium, and out-flank
the French army with Paris the immediate objective - - based on the assumption
that it would not be necessary to fight simultaneously on two fronts before the
French were defeated.
____13. Strategy of the Allied Forces - - French and British would
attack through Alsace-Lorraine on the western front while the Russians attacked
through East Prussia.
____14. Catastrophes for the two invading Russian armies in East Prussia. Brought fame to German General von Hindenberg and his brilliant chief of staff, General Ludendorff. Ended any serious threat to Germany’s eastern front and was one factor leading to the Russian Revolution.